Diabetes-Related Peripheral Neuropathy

Diabetes-Related Peripheral Neuropathy (DRPN) is a common complication of diabetes, affecting up to 50% of those suffering from the condition. It occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the nerves in the body, causing numbness, tingling, burning sensations, and pain, particularly in the feet and legs.

Symptoms

The symptoms of DRPN can vary widely from person to person. They may include:

• Numbness or reduced ability to feel pain or temperature changes
• Tingling or burning sensations
• Sharp pains or cramps
• Muscle weakness, especially in the feet and hands
• Serious foot problems, such as ulcers, infections, deformities, and bone and joint pain
• Loss of reflexes, ankle swelling, and falls and foot drop due to muscle weakness
• Autonomic neuropathy symptoms like bladder problems, digestive problems, and increased heart rate

Ocular Neuropathy

Ocular neuropathy is a rare form of neuropathy that affects the nerves of the eyes. Diabetics with DRPN are at a higher risk of developing ocular neuropathy, which can lead to vision loss. Symptoms include blurred vision, double vision, halos around lights, dry eyes, and eyelid problems. Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and treatment of ocular neuropathy.

Neuropathy Forums

Neuropathy forums provide a platform for individuals affected by peripheral neuropathy to share experiences, ask questions, and offer support. These forums can be incredibly helpful in managing the condition, as they offer a community where people can learn about new treatments, strategies for managing symptoms, and coping mechanisms. Some popular neuropathy forums include Diabetic Neuropathy Support Group on Facebook and Neuroforum.org.

Treatment

Treatment for DRPN aims to relieve symptoms, prevent further nerve damage, and improve quality of life. The following strategies may be used:

1. Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers or prescription medications may help manage pain. Antidepressants and anti-seizure drugs are also sometimes used to treat neuropathy-related pain.
2. Lifestyle changes: Controlling blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, and medication can slow the progression of DRPN. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption can also help.
3. Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help strengthen muscles affected by neuropathy and improve mobility.
4. Foot care: Proper foot care is essential for preventing complications like ulcers and infections. This includes wearing well-fitted shoes, inspecting feet daily for injuries, and keeping nails trimmed.
5. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): This treatment involves the use of mild electrical currents to block pain signals. It can be particularly effective for treating neuropathy-related pain in the feet.
6. Herbal supplements: Some herbal supplements, such as alpha-lipoic acid and benfotiamine, have been shown to help reduce neuropathy symptoms in some people. However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.
7. Mind-body techniques: Techniques like meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, and tai chi can help manage stress and reduce pain associated with DRPN.
8. Sympathectomy: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to cut the nerve responsible for sweating (the sympathetic nerve). This can help reduce excessive sweating and pain in the feet.
9. Nerve growth factor (NGF) inhibitors: These drugs are designed to block NGF molecules that contribute to nerve damage caused by diabetes. An example is tanezumab. Like all medications, these should be used under a doctor's supervision.
10. Plasma exchange (plasmapheresis): This procedure involves filtering out potentially damaging substances from the bloodstream to reduce inflammation and nerve damage. It is generally used only when other treatments have failed.

Agent Orange and Peripheral Neuropathy

Veterans who were exposed to Agent Orange during the Vietnam War may be at risk for developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy due to the chemical's neurotoxic effects. If you are a veteran experiencing symptoms of DRPN, it is essential to discuss your potential exposure with your healthcare provider. Veterans Affairs provides health care services and compensation for those diagnosed with service-related disabilities, including DRPN related to Agent Orange exposure.